7. Alternatif Untuk Mengantisipasi Dampak Kenaikan Muka Air Laut ( 7. Alternative To Anticipate Impact of Sea Level Rise )
- Relocation; This alternative was
developed when the economic and environmental impacts due to sea level
rise and flooding so great that cultivated area need to be shifted more
away from the coastline. In extreme conditions, in fact, should be
considered to avoid at all areas which have a very high vulnerability.
-
Accommodation; This alternative is
natural changes or adjustments to the risk of impact that may occur such
as reclamation, building elevation or changes in agriculture into
brackish water farming (aquaculture); inundated areas is inevitable, but
is not expected to pose a serious threat to the safety of life, assets
and socio-economic activities and the environment.
-
Protection; This alternative has two
possibilities, namely that are hard structures such as the construction
of retaining wave (breakwater) or dams (seawalls) and which are soft
structures such as mangrove revegetation or stockpiling of sand (beach
nourishment). Although tend defensive against natural changes, this
alternative needs to be done carefully by considering the natural
processes that occur in accordance with the principle of "working with
nature"
- Relokasi ; alternatif ini dikembangkan apabila dampak
ekonomi dan lingkungan akibat kenaikan muka air laut dan banjir sangat besar
sehingga kawasan budidaya perlu dialihkan lebih menjauh dari garis pantai.
Dalam kondisi ekstrim, bahkan, perlu dipertimbangkan untuk menghindari sama
sekali kawasan-kawasan yang memiliki kerentanan sangat tinggi.
-
Akomodasi ; alternatif ini bersifat penyesuaian terhadap
perubahan alam atau resiko dampak yang mungkin terjadi seperti reklamasi,
peninggian bangunan atau perubahan agriculture menjadi budidaya air payau
(aquaculture) ; area-area yang tergenangi tidak terhindarkan, namun diharapkan
tidak menimbulkan ancaman yang serius bagi keselamatan jiwa, asset dan
aktivitas sosial-ekonomi serta lingkungan sekitar.
-
Proteksi ; alternatif
ini memiliki dua kemungkinan, yakni yang bersifat hard structure seperti
pembangunan penahan gelombang (breakwater) atau tanggul banjir (seawalls) dan
yang bersifat soft structure seperti revegetasi mangrove atau penimbunan pasir
(beach nourishment). Walaupun cenderung defensif terhadap perubahan alam,
alternatif ini perlu dilakukan secara hati-hati dengan tetap mempertimbangkan
proses alam yang terjadi sesuai dengan prinsip “working with nature”
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